The European Space Agency (ESA) has outlined a vision for human habitation on other planets, predicting that by 2040, people could live in 'autonomous habitats' on Mars, the Moon, and beyond. This vision is encapsulated in the ESA's Technology 2040 Vision document, which emphasizes a rapid evolution of technologies necessary for space habitation. ESA Director-General Josef Aschbacher described the document as a 'call to action,' aiming to establish a resilient European presence in space. The proposal includes the creation of self-sustaining habitats termed 'space oases,' designed to support longer missions by using circular management of resources and advanced self-manufacturing technologies. The report highlights the role of AI and quantum technologies in improving logistics and communications, aiming for minimal environmental impact through sustainable practices. Despite the ambitious goals, the challenge of achieving true sustainability in space remains a key focus of the initiative.

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